Is Incentive Spirometry Superior to Standard Care in Postoperative Cardiac Surgery on Clinical Outcomes and Length of Hospital and Intensive Care Unit Stay? A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Hiago Vinicius Costa Silva^I; Adriana Claudia Lunardi^II; Ana Carolina Pereira Nunes Pinto^I; Juliana Ribeiro Fonseca Franco de Macedo^V; Elinaldo da Conceição dos Santos^I

DOI: 10.21470/1678-9741-2022-0319 e20220319 Publish in: August 2 2025